Modelling intermediate filaments – from filament elongation to network organization

Intermediate filaments (IFs) constitute a crucial component of the cytoskeleton, playing vital roles in maintaining cell shape, mechanical integrity, and providing support for cell migration and signalling. Unlike microtubules and actin filaments, intermediate filaments form a diverse family of proteins, including keratins, vimentin, desmin, and neurofilaments, expressed in a tissue-specific manner.

The organization of intermediate filaments within cells is paramount for their diverse functions. The spatio-temporal arrangement of IF networks is determined by a dynamic interplay between assembly/disassembly processes and various modes of transport within the cell. Mathematical models have proven invaluable for comprehending the intricate mechanisms governing IF behavior. This overview will present some mathematical models used to investigate key aspects of intermediate filament dynamics, such as filament assembly, transport, and network remodeling.