{"id":2,"date":"2012-09-04T13:39:49","date_gmt":"2012-09-04T17:39:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/template\/?page_id=2"},"modified":"2026-04-10T13:35:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T17:35:10","slug":"about","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/","title":{"rendered":"Charles F. Baer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"fullwidth-text-block\"><div class=\"container px-0\"><div class=\"row align-items-start\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Professor<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/pike-thru-ice_Toronto_Feb2018_2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/pike-thru-ice_Toronto_Feb2018_2-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"A pike caught through the ice of Toronto\" class=\"wp-image-289\" style=\"width:225px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/pike-thru-ice_Toronto_Feb2018_2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/pike-thru-ice_Toronto_Feb2018_2-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/pike-thru-ice_Toronto_Feb2018_2-158x210.jpg 158w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ph.D. Florida State University, 1998<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/files\/CBCV_long_2026.pdf\">CV<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Areas of Interest\/Research<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>I am a comparative evolutionary geneticist whose research is motivated by theoretical population genetics. My primary research interest is in the factors responsible for the generation and maintenance of genetic variation &#8211; &#8220;understanding variation in genetic variation&#8221;. I am especially interested in the evolution of mutation rate, and in the distribution of fitness effects of new mutations. There is considerable variation in the rate and cumulative effects of new mutations, even among genotypes within species. I begin from the premise that the rate and effects of mutation are themselves evolvable phenotypes which are subject to optimizing selection, and which may evolve in predictable ways. My research program has two primary objectives: (1) elucidate the various factors that underlie variation in the rate, molecular spectra and phenotypic effects of spontaneous mutations, and (2) determine the extent to which variation in mutational properties explains variation among taxa in standing genetic variation at the phenotypic and molecular level. Our studies of mutational variation have led me to become interested in the evolution of phenotypic robustness and epigenetic variation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We use rhabditid nematodes as our experimental organism, and employ a variety of phenotypic and molecular methods to address the questions of interest. Additional research interests include the evolution of genetic architecture (i.e., genetic covariance), and selection experiments in any way, shape, or form.&nbsp; Recently, I have become involved in collaborative work with chemical engineers and cell biologists to employ experimental evolution to characterize the phenotypic and molecular effects of substrate rigidity on cultured mammalian cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Representative Publications<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Saber, S., Md. M. I. Rifat, F. Rahimi, M. Snyder, A. Singh, B. Eickwort, Y. Newhall, M. Rajaei, A. S. Saxena, R. E. Tanny, V. Katju, E. C. Andersen, J. Zhou, and <strong><u>C. F. Baer<\/u><\/strong>. <strong>2026<\/strong>. Evolution of the rate, molecular spectrum, and fitness effects of mutation under minimal selection in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/em>. <em>Genetics<\/em>. <a href=\"DOI:%20https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/genetics\/iyag085\">DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/genetics\/iyag085<\/a>.\u00a0 PMID: 41885616.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saber, S., L. M. Johnson, Md. M. I. Rifat, S. Rouse, and <strong><u>C. F. Baer<\/u><\/strong>. <strong>2025<\/strong>.\u00a0 Cumulative effects of mutation and selection on susceptibility to bacterial pathogens in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/em>. <em>Evolution. <\/em>DOI:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/evolut\/qpaf132\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1093\/evolut\/qpaf132<\/a>.PMID: 40515768.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Teterina, A. A., J. H. Willis, <strong>C. F. Baer<\/strong>, and P. C. Phillips. <strong>2025<\/strong>. Pervasive conservation of intron number and other genetic elements revealed by a chromosome-level genomic assembly of the hyper-polymorphic nematode <em>Caenorhabditis brenneri<\/em>. <em>Genome Biology and Evolution<\/em>. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gbe\/evaf037\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gbe\/evaf037<\/a>. PMID:\u00a040037811.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wang, T-C., S. Sawney, D. Morgan, R. L. Bennett, R. Rashmi, M. R. Estecio, A. Brock, I. Singh, <strong>C. F. Baer<\/strong>, J. D. Licht, and T. P. Lele. <strong>2024<\/strong>. Genomic heterogeneity drives mechanical adaptation in human tumor cells. <em>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA<\/em> 121: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2403062121\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2403062121<\/a>. PMID:\u00a039302966.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crombie, T. A., M. Rajaei, A. S. Saxena, L. M. Johnson, S. Saber, R. Tanny, J. M. Ponciano, E. C. Andersen, J. Zhou, and <strong><u>C. F. Baer<\/u><\/strong>. <strong>2024<\/strong>. Direct inference of the distribution of fitness effects of spontaneous mutations from recombinant inbred <em>C. elegans<\/em> mutation accumulation lines. 2024. <em>Genetics<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/genetics\/iyae136\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/genetics\/iyae136<\/a>. PMID:\u00a039139098.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<table style=\"height: 310px\" border=\"0\" width=\"1400\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<h3>Graduate Students<\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Name<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Email<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Research Interests<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Md. Monjurul Islam Rifat<\/td>\n<td>m.rifat@ufl.edu<\/td>\n<td>Population genetics, bioinformatics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Shambadeb Basu<\/td>\n<td>s.basu@ufl.edu<\/td>\n<td>Conservation genetics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h3>Postdocs and Visitors<\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Name<br>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Email<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Research Interests<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contact Information<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Office:&nbsp;621 Bartram Hall<br>\nPhone: (352)&nbsp;392-3550<br>\nFax: (352) 392-3704<br>\nEmail:cbaer@ufl.edu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mailing address:<br>\nDepartment of Biology \/<br>\nUniversity of Florida Genetics Institute<br>\nP. O. Box 118525<br>\nUniversity of Florida<br>\nGainesville, FL 32611-8525 USA<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":543,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_post":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-2","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/543"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":411,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2\/revisions\/411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/cbaer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}