{"id":343,"date":"2015-05-26T10:35:35","date_gmt":"2015-05-26T14:35:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/?page_id=343"},"modified":"2026-03-19T08:29:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T12:29:19","slug":"pp01","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/publications\/pp01\/","title":{"rendered":"Functional Conservation of Plant Secondary Metabolic Enzymes Revealed by Complementation of Arabidopsis Flavonoid Mutants with Maize Genes"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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Functional Conservation of Plant Secondary Metabolic Enzymes Revealed by Complementation of Arabidopsis Flavonoid Mutants with Maize Genes<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Plant Physiology<\/em>, Vol. 127, pp. 46-57<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Link to\u00a0Plant Physiology<\/a><\/em>\u00a0home page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Full text is\u00a0available<\/a>\u00a0from the journal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Functional Conservation of Plant Secondary Metabolic Enzymes Revealed by Complementation of Arabidopsis Flavonoid Mutants with Maize Genes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Xiaoyun Dong,<\/wbr>\u00a0Edward L. Braun,<\/wbr>\u00a0and<\/wbr>\u00a0Erich Grotewold*<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210\u00a0(all authors);
\nE.L.B.\u00a0is currently in the Department of Zoology at the University of Florida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

Mutations in the\u00a0transparent\u00a0<\/sup>testa<\/i>\u00a0(tt<\/i>) loci abolish pigment\u00a0<\/sup>production in Arabidopsis seed\u00a0<\/sup>coats. The\u00a0TT4<\/i>,\u00a0TT5<\/i>, and\u00a0<\/sup>TT3<\/i>\u00a0loci\u00a0<\/sup>encode chalcone synthase,\u00a0<\/sup>chalcone isomerase, and dihydroflavonol\u00a0<\/sup>4-reductase, respectively,\u00a0<\/sup>which are essential for anthocyanin\u00a0<\/sup>accumulation and may forma macromolecular complex. Here, we show\u00a0<\/sup>that the products of the maize\u00a0<\/sup>(Zea mays<\/i>)\u00a0C2<\/i>,\u00a0CHI1<\/i>, and\u00a0<\/sup>A1<\/i>\u00a0genes\u00a0<\/sup>complement Arabidopsis\u00a0tt4<\/i>,\u00a0<\/sup>tt5<\/i>, and\u00a0tt3<\/i>\u00a0mutants, restoring the\u00a0<\/sup>ability of these mutants to\u00a0<\/sup>accumulate pigments in seed coats\u00a0<\/sup>and seedlings. Overexpression of\u00a0<\/sup>the maize genes in wild-type\u00a0<\/sup>Arabidopsis seedlings does not result in increased anthocyanin\u00a0<\/sup>accumulation, suggesting that the\u00a0<\/sup>steps catalyzed by these enzymes\u00a0<\/sup>are not rate limiting in the\u00a0<\/sup>onditions assayed. The expression\u00a0<\/sup>of the maize\u00a0A1<\/i>\u00a0gene in\u00a0<\/sup>the flavonoid 3′ hydroxylase Arabidopsis\u00a0<\/sup>tt7<\/i>mutant resulted\u00a0<\/sup>in an increased\u00a0<\/sup>accumulation of pelargonidin.\u00a0<\/sup>We conclude that enzymes involved in secondary metabolism can\u00a0<\/sup>be functionally exchangeable between plants separated by large\u00a0<\/sup>evolutionary distances. This is in\u00a0<\/sup>sharp contrast to the notion\u00a0<\/sup>that the more relaxed selective constrains to which secondary\u00a0<\/sup>metabolic pathways are subjected is\u00a0<\/sup>responsible for the rapid\u00a0<\/sup>divergence of the corresponding\u00a0<\/sup>enzymes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. MCB-9974474 and MCB-9896111 to E.G.) and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (postdoctoral fellowship no. USDA 1999-01582 to E.L.B.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

*<\/sup>\u00a0Corresponding author<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":544,"featured_media":0,"parent":19,"menu_order":28,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_post":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-343","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/544"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=343"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":453,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343\/revisions\/453"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ebraun\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}