{"id":632,"date":"2021-04-08T17:32:18","date_gmt":"2021-04-08T21:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/?page_id=632"},"modified":"2026-03-19T08:55:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T12:55:44","slug":"euh-4123-weekly-topics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/euh-4123-weekly-topics\/","title":{"rendered":"EUH 4123 &#8211; Weekly Topics"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<section class=\"fullwidth-text-block\">\r\n\t<div class=\"container px-0 pt-5\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"row align-items-start\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">EUH 4123 &#8211; Weekly Topics<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 1 (August 23-25): Introduction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Problematic concepts: holy war, jihad, crusade [<em>Richard<\/em>\u00a01-4;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt<\/em>\u00a05-15, 403-404, 407-418]; for the use of violence in the Old Testament, see\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Exodus+20%3A13&amp;version=NKJV\">Exodus 20:13<\/a>\u00a0(one of the Ten Commandments),\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Exodus+21%3A12&amp;version=KJV\">Exodus 21:12<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Exodus+22%3A22-24&amp;version=NIV\">Exodus 22:22-24<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Deuteronomy+20%3A16-18&amp;version=NIV\">Deuteronomy 20:16<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Joshua+6%3A21-27&amp;version=KJV\">Joshua 6:21<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Joshua+10%3A40&amp;version=NIV\">Joshua 10:40<\/a>; for the attitude towards violence in the New Testament, see\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblegateway.com\/passage\/?search=Matthew+26%3A52&amp;version=NIV\">Matthew 26:52<\/a>; for the use of violence in the Quran, see sura\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/quran.com\/25\/52\">25:52<\/a>;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/islamicstudies.info\/maarif.php?sura=22&amp;verse=39\">22:39-41<\/a>;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/quran.com\/9\/5\">9:5<\/a>;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/quran.com\/8\/61\">8:61<\/a>;<a href=\"http:\/\/quran.com\/9\/29\">\u00a09:29<\/a>;<a href=\"http:\/\/quran.com\/2\/216\">\u00a02:216<\/a>; see the portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ee\/Ahmed_Orabi_1882.png\">Ahmad Urabi<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bb\/Hassan_al-Banna.jpg\">Hasan al-Banna<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9e\/Sayyid_Qutb.jpg\">Sayyid Qutb<\/a>; see the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ecx.images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/31WZYzNfllL._SL500_AA300_.jpg\">cover<\/a>\u00a0of Thomas Jefferson&#8217;s\u00a0<i>Crusade Against Ignorance<\/i>\u00a0(1786);\u00a0 also modern views on the different\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/old.post-gazette.com\/headlines\/20010923jihad0923p5.asp\">meanings<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.danielpipes.org\/498\/jihad-and-the-professors\">jihad<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.catholicity.com\/commentary\/madden\/03463.html\">crusade<\/a>\u00a0(as something requiring\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/europe\/italy\/1465857\/Pope-says-sorry-for-crusaders-rampage-in-1204.html\">apologies<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>West European society on the eve of the crusade [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a04-10;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a024-27]<\/li>\n<li>The Middle and Near East in the eleventh century: Byzantium and the Seljuks [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a011-18;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a028-32]; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/11\/Map_Byzantine_Empire_1076-fr.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk territories in the 11th century; see a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fordham.edu\/halsall\/basis\/alexiusI-vaticanMS-500.jpg\">Alexius Comnenus<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 2 (August 28-September 1): The call to Crusade<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Church Reform, the Truce (Peace) of God movement and the papacy [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a019-34;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a024-27 and 31-32]; see portraits of Pope\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2c\/Gregory_VII.jpg\">Gregory VII<\/a>, Emperor\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7b\/Heinrich_4_g.jpg\">Henry IV<\/a>, Pope\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/18\/Clement_III_-_Antipope.jpg\">Clement III<\/a>, Count\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ab\/Calabria%2C_trifollaro_di_ruggieri_I_d%27altavilla%2C_1072-1101.JPG\">Roger of Sicily<\/a>, emperor\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1c\/Konrad2Salsky.jpg\">Conrad II<\/a>, and Pope\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/60\/Urbano_II_in_consacrazione_de_l%27altare_del_monastero_di_Cluny_%28detail%29_%28crop%29.png\">Urban II<\/a>; read a biography of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.crusaderstudies.org.uk\/resources\/historians\/profiles\/erdmann\/index.html\">Carl Erdmann<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Urban II and the Council of Clermont [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a034-42]; see a map of \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/6\/6e\/Map_of_early_medieval_Balkans.png\">Southeastern Europe<\/a>\u00a0on the eve of the First Crusade<\/li>\n<li>The People&#8217;s Crusade and the Byzantine problem [<em>Richard<\/em>\u00a036-47;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt<\/em>\u00a042-57]; see a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/bbi.school.nz\/the-crusades\/first-crusade\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the itinerary of the First Crusade<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 3 (September 4-8): The First Crusade and its aftermath<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Monday, September 4: Labor Day &#8211; no classes<\/li>\n<li>From Constantinople to Jerusalem [<em>Richard<\/em>\u00a047-69;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt<\/em> 61-63 and 67-79]; read some of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/source\/cde-letters.asp\">letters<\/a>\u00a0written by participants in the Crusade;\u00a0see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/ar\/atay\/NICAEA\/IZNIKmap2.jpg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the expedition in the Near East, and maps of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/wy\/svenskildbiter\/plan_of_nicaea.jpg\">Nicaea<\/a>\u00a0(with the surviving\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/5telios\/4612280601\/lightbox\/\">Constantinople\u00a0gate<\/a>),\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/persweb.wabash.edu\/facstaff\/royaltyr\/AncientCities\/web\/bradleyj\/Project%201\/antiochmap.html\">Antioch<\/a>\u00a0(with an image of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/54\/Antioch_Saint_Pierre_Church_Front.JPG\">Church of St. Peter<\/a>), and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bu.edu\/mzank\/Jerusalem\/mp\/periodic\/hierosolyma.jpg\">Jerusalem<\/a>\u00a0(with an image of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/biblewalks.com\/sites\/TancredFortress.html\">Tancred&#8217;s Tower<\/a>) in the late 11th and 12th centuries; see also an icon of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/myweb.rollins.edu\/aboguslawski\/Ruspaint\/geno15.jpg\">St. George<\/a>\u00a0and a view of the ruins of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/mideast\/2020\/01\/31\/9-years-of-war-turn-syrias-maaret-al-numan-into-a-ghost-town?gallery_image=undefined#big\">Maarat al-Nuaman<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The Crusader states [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a077-94;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a082-89]; see a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/25\/Map_Crusader_states_1135-en.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the crusader states to the mid-12th century and a statue of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9e\/Godefroy.jpg\">Godfrey of Bouillon<\/a>\u00a0in Brussels<\/li>\n<li>Muslims, Christians and Jews in the Crusader States [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a094-124;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a091-100, 104-116];\u00a0read a biography of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.crusaderstudies.org.uk\/resources\/historians\/profiles\/prawer\/index.html\">Joshua Prawer<\/a> and see pictures of <a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f4\/Ren%C3%A9_Grousset.jpg\">Ren\u00e9\u00a0Grousse<\/a>t\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bilder.eyneburg.eu\/norbert\/TV-120310.jpg\">Ronnie Ellenblum<\/a>; visit the castles of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/bongoots\/518040292\/lightbox\/\">Montreal\u00a0<\/a>and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/08\/Kerak_BW_1.JPG\">Kerak<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/86\/Paolo_Monti_-_Serie_fotografica_%28Canosa_di_Puglia%2C_1970%29_-_BEIC_6363848.jpg\">mausoleum<\/a>\u00a0of Bohemond of Taranto in Canosa di Puglia<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 4 (September 11-15): The Second Crusade and its aftermath<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The military orders and the rise of Zengi [<em>Richard<\/em>\u00a0124-155;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt<\/em>\u00a0118-125, 128-135]; see Paschal II&#8217;s bull &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/blessed-gerard.org\/images\/pie-postulatio-voluntatis.jpg\">Piae postulatio<\/a>&#8220;; visit the site of the monastery of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theologische-links.de\/bilder\/israel\/jerusalem_erloeserkirche22.jpg\">Santa Maria Latina<\/a>\u00a0in Jerusalem, the fortresses of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5f\/Calatrava_Vieja_2.jpg\">Calatrava<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d5\/Bridge_Alcantara.JPG\"> Alc\u00e1ntara<\/a>,\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/urbexzone.wordpress.com\/2014\/01\/03\/fortress-of-juromenha-evora-portugal\/\">Evora<\/a>; visit the fortress of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/462172\/Alamut-Castle-a-visit-to-once-impenetrable-fortress-of-Assassins\">Alamut<\/a>\u00a0in northwestern Iran; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c4\/Possession_of_Zengi_%281146%29.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/skepticism-images.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/images\/jreviews\/zengi.jpg\">Zengi<\/a>&#8216;s expansion into Syria and Kurdistan<\/li>\n<li>Bernard of Clairvaux and the Second Crusade [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0155-169;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0125-128, 135-140];see portraits of St.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cd\/San_Bernardo%2C_de_Juan_Correa_de_Vivar_%28Museo_del_Prado%29.jpg\">Bernard of Clairvaux<\/a>, Emperor\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/13\/Konrad_III_Miniatur_13_Jahrhundert.jpg\/220px-Konrad_III_Miniatur_13_Jahrhundert.jpg\">Conrad III<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nndb.com\/people\/311\/000103999\/otto-of-freising-1-sized.jpg\">Otto of Freising<\/a>, and Emperor\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nndb.com\/people\/054\/000095766\/manuel-i-comnenus-1-sized.jpg\">Manuel I Comnenus<\/a>; visit <a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ab\/Vezelay-7776-Bearbeitet.jpg\">V\u00e9zelay<\/a>;\u00a0see a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.animatedmaps.div.ed.ac.uk\/Divinity2\/second.html\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the Second Crusade, and read\u00a0an account of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fordham.edu\/halsall\/source\/tyre-damascus.html\">fiasco at Damascus<\/a>\u00a0(1148)<\/li>\n<li>Nur al-Din and the revival of\u00a0<i>jihad<\/i>\u00a0[<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0170-190]; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/historyisfun1111.blogspot.com\/2016\/01\/the-seljuk-empire.html\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the Seljuq domain around Outremer created by Nur al-Din and one of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/651177?exhibitionId=%7B74efafb7-a808-4ede-bf58-279e018c9f63%7D&amp;oid=651177\">coins<\/a>\u00a0struck in his name; visit the mosque\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/monumentsofsyria.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/wpid905-Hama-Mosque-al-Nuri-DSC_2193.jpg\">al-Nuri<\/a>\u00a0in Hama and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/historiafactory.wordpress.com\/2016\/07\/04\/bimaristan\/\">Bimaristan<\/a> hospital in Damascus (with a view of the <a href=\"http:\/\/farm3.staticflickr.com\/2794\/4435028159_1fa6b137ee_z.jpg\">facade<\/a>), and see a picture of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.palestineremembered.com\/GeoPoints\/_Aqsa_Mosque_5178\/_Aqsa_Mosque-15319.jpg\"><i>minbar<\/i><\/a>\u00a0in the al-Aqsa mosque as it looked like before its destruction in 1969<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 5 (September 18-22): Crusades elsewhere<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The conquest of Lisbon and the proclamation of the crusade in the Iberian Peninsula [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0292-296, 303-306, 313-318];\u00a0see\u00a0maps of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fanack.com\/morocco\/history-of-morocco\/morocco-berber-dynasties-the-almoravids\/\">Almoravid Empire<\/a>,\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visit-andalucia.com\/almoravid-dynasty-al-andalus\/\">Spain<\/a>\u00a0after the Almoravid conquest and of\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/explorethemed.com\/images\/maps\/alandaluz1160.jpg\">Reconquista<\/a>\u00a0after the death of Alfonso VII,\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/static.newworldencyclopedia.org\/1\/1b\/NE_1200ad.jpg\">Europe and Africa<\/a>\u00a0at the time of the Second Crusade, and of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_p41cnR0oCpo\/TEV470TbM6I\/AAAAAAAABNE\/Oe7x-G3afDo\/s1600\/1212%2520Batalla%2520de%2520las%2520Navas%2520de%2520Tolosa%2520a.jpg\">Iberian Peninsula<\/a>\u00a0in the early 13th century;\u00a0see a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6e\/Ramon_Berenguer_IV.jpg\">Ramon Berenguer IV<\/a>; see the commemorative monument at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/10\/Monumento_da_Batalha_de_Ourique_-_Vila_Ch%C3%A3_de_Ourique_-_Portugal_%283047477687%29.jpg\">Ourique<\/a>\u00a0(with a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e6\/LocalOurique.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0location), and vist\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fa\/RioVezArcosdeValdevez.jpg\">Arcos de Valedevez<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sobreturismo.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/san-esteban-de-gormaz.jpg\">San Esteban de Gormaz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lalo-web.de\/img\/def\/portugal%20selected\/santarem.jpg\">Santarem<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/44\/CastleSaintGeorge.jpg\">Lisbon<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sobreespana.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/06\/almeria-desde-la-alcazaba.jpg\">Almer\u00eda<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1f\/Tortosa_-_La_Suda.jpg\">Tortosa<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fd\/Lleida_-_panoramio_-_Jorge_Franganillo.jpg\">Lleida<\/a> (L\u00e9rida),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/85\/VistaDe%C3%89vora134.jpg\">Evora<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2d\/Trujillo.jpg\">Trujillo<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visitportugal.com\/en\/content\/visit-beja\">Beja<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.portugal.net\/en\/algarve\/silves\/\">Silves<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The Wendish crusade [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0258-266]; see\u00a0maps of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7f\/Limes.saxoniae.wmt.png\"><i>limes saxonicus<\/i><\/a>\u00a0and of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/13\/Baltic_Tribes_c_1200.svg\">Baltic tribes<\/a>, ca. 1200; visit\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9b\/Burgwall_Arkona.jpg\">Arkona<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/50\/Szczecin_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg\">Szczecin<\/a>\u00a0(Stettin),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rostock.de\/en\/\">Rostock<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8b\/Ik%C5%A1%C4%B7iles_bazn%C4%ABcas_drupas.jpg\">Ik\u0161\u0137ile<\/a> (Uexk\u00fcll),\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/users.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/Riga-panorama.jpg\">Riga<\/a>, as well as the abbeys of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/ca\/Doberan_Minster-View.from.SE.jpg\">Doberan<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cd\/Schloss_Dargun-h-Modell.jpg\">Dargun<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/64\/Kolbacz_kosciol.jpg\">Kolbacz<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The Teutonic Knights, Livonia and the Baltic Crusade [<i>Allen and Amt\u00a0<\/i>267-275]; see\u00a0maps of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zum.de\/whkmla\/histatlas\/eceurope\/hunpre1241.gif\">medieval Hungary<\/a>\u00a0and of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldhistory.org\/uploads\/images\/9295.png?v=1685085246\">Baltic Crusades<\/a>; visit\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/web.clas.ufl.edu\/users\/fcurta\/zamek.gif\">Toru\u0144<\/a>\u00a0(Thorn),\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/98\/Zamek_w_Kwidzynie.woj.pomorskie,pow.i_gm.Kwidzyn..jpg\">Kwidzyn<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/71\/Radzyn_podlaski_palac_widok_2.jpg\">Radzy\u0144<\/a>, and Kaliningrad (<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/ba\/K%C3%B6nigsberg_Castle.jpg\">K\u00f6nigsberg<\/a>); see the effigy\u00a0of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/_kKPbicBaONY\/Sy5MookIruI\/AAAAAAAABvg\/Bh_griKE78Y\/s400\/Premysl2_nahrobek.jpg\">Ottokar\u00a0 P\u0159emysl I<\/a>\u00a0in the St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 6 (September 25-29): The Third Crusade<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The rise of Saladin and the Horns of Hattin\u00a0[<em>Richard\u00a0<\/em>190-215;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt\u00a0<\/em>144-157]; see the statue of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5b\/Statue_of_Saladin_in_Damascus_2.jpg\">Saladin<\/a>\u00a0in Damascus and a map of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3c\/The_Crusader_States_in_1135.svg\">Outremer<\/a>\u00a0before the fall of Jerusalem; see\u00a0depictions of King Amalric&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/03\/Agnes_courtenay.jpg\">repudiation<\/a>\u00a0of his first wife, Agnes of Courtenay, and of his\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ac\/Marie_Amaury.jpg\">marriage<\/a>\u00a0to his second wife, Maria Comnena, as well as a modern versions of Queen\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ic.pics.livejournal.com\/lalunatique\/36569938\/20617\/20617_original.jpg\">Sybil<\/a>\u00a0(played by Eva Green) and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/image.guardian.co.uk\/sys-images\/Film\/Pix\/gallery\/2005\/05\/04\/kingbaldwin3.jpg\">Baldwin IV<\/a>\u00a0(played by Edward Norton); see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/_rFs0uVY_4rE\/TD_wf2bxQ-I\/AAAAAAAAIG4\/-ybzV16uyuQ\/s1600\/Map+--+battle+of+Hattin.jpg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the battle at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/_rFs0uVY_4rE\/TD_8LDHu8BI\/AAAAAAAAIJA\/1q2EoJny56c\/s1600\/view+from+the+horns_hattin.jpg\">Hattin<\/a>, and read excerpts from medieval accounts of the<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fordham.edu\/halsall\/med\/salahdin.asp\">\u00a0fall of Jerusalem<\/a>\u00a0to Saladin; see a map of \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f4\/Map_Crusader_states_1190-en.svg\">Outremer<\/a>\u00a0after Saladin&#8217;s conquests<\/li>\n<li>Calling of the Third Crusade [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0216-224;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0157-165]; see the statue of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/69\/Statue_of_Richard_I%2C_Westminster_-_front_view.jpg\">Richard I<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0in London and a portrait of Emperor\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Frederick-I-Holy-Roman-emperor\">Frederick I Barbarossa<\/a>; visit\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/galenf.com\/uk\/wales2041.jpg\">Harverfordwest<\/a>\u00a0(Wales),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bf\/AKKO_AERIAL.JPG\">Acre<\/a>\u00a0(Akko, Israel), and the castle of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8f\/Chateau_de_Beaufort.jpg\">Beaufort<\/a>; see\u00a0maps of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/skepticism-images.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/images\/jreviews\/Siege-Acre-Map.jpg\">siege of Acre<\/a>\u00a0and of the itineraries of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.animatedmaps.div.ed.ac.uk\/Divinity2\/third.html\">Third Crusade<\/a>; see a depiction of Conrad of Montferrat&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/skepticism-images.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/images\/jreviews\/Isabella-Conrad.jpg\">marriage<\/a>\u00a0to Isabella<\/li>\n<li>A comparison: Richard the Lionheart and Saladin\u00a0 [<em>Richard<\/em>\u00a0224-231;\u00a0<em>Allen and Amt<\/em>\u00a0169-177]; visit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/12\/Famagusta_01-2017_img14_Lala_Mustafa_Pasha_Mosque.jpg\">Famagusta<\/a>\u00a0(Cyprus) and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/carta-jerusalem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/Ashkelon.jpg\">Ascalon<\/a>\u00a0(Ashkelon, Israel); see maps of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eyewitnesstohistory.com\/images\/lionheart3a.jpg\">Richard&#8217;s campaigns<\/a>\u00a0in the Holy Land \u00a0and of the situation after the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wikiwand.com\/en\/Treaty_of_Jaffa_and_Tell_Ajul#Media\/File:Map_Crusader_states_1240-eng.png\">Treaty of Jaffa\u00a0<\/a>(1192)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 7 (October 2-6):\u00a0\u00a0The diversion of the Fourth Crusade<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The crusade of Emperor Henry VI and Innocent III [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0231-242;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0216-239]; see a brief\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/popehistory.com\/popes\/pope-innocent-iii\/\">biography<\/a>\u00a0and a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-wI79bQMUrvc\/T1O0FN87xvI\/AAAAAAAADHs\/DBpF-M8igFI\/s1600\/Innocent%2BIII.jpg\">portrait<\/a>\u00a0of Pope Innocent III; see also a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3e\/Fulk_of_Neuilly.png\">Fulk of Neuilly<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Venice,\u00a0Zara, and the sack of Constantinople [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0242-252;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0220-234]; see the seals of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3e\/Thibaut_1198.jpg\">Theobald, Count of Champagne<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b3\/Louis_Blois_1201.jpg\">Louis, Count of Blois<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ac\/Simon4demontfort.gif\">Simon of Montfort<\/a>; see the statue of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/54\/Baudouin_de_Constantinople.JPG\">Baldwin, Count of Flanders<\/a>\u00a0(first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople); see a coin struck for\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.coinarchives.com\/d21763c1127f41dac766d4da0c58756d\/img\/wag\/065\/thumb01380.jpg\">Conrad of Krosigk, Bishop of Halberstadt<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e1\/Alexius4.jpg\/220px-Alexius4.jpg\">Alexius IV Angelos<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/4c\/Alexius_V.JPG\">Alexius V Mourtzouphlos<\/a>; visit Zara (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/travel\/europe\/croatia\/zadar-travel-guide-best-hotels-restaurants-things-to-do-a9319866.html\">Zadar)<\/a>; see maps of the political situation in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/de\/Byzantium1081ADlightpurple-1-%2BAntioch.png\">Southeastern Europe on the eve of the Fourth Crusade<\/a>,\u00a0the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.animatedmaps.div.ed.ac.uk\/Divinity2\/fourth.html\">itinerary<\/a>\u00a0of the Fourth Crusade, and of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6a\/PriseDeConstantinople1204PalmaLeJeune.JPG\">siege<\/a>\u00a0of Constantinople<\/li>\n<li>Friday: Homecoming (no classes)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 8 (October 9-13): More crusades in Europe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><ul style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<li>The consequences of the Fourth Crusade [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0252-258]; see views of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/romeartlover.tripod.com\/Galata3.jpg\">Galata<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theistanbulinsider.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/golden-horn-istanbul-aerial.jpg\">Golden Horn,<\/a> and the remains of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dailysabah.com\/istanbul\/2019\/06\/14\/restored-byzantium-era-palace-to-serve-as-museum-in-istanbul?gallery_image=undefined#big\">Blachernae Palace<\/a>; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/hist.science.free.fr\/storie\/IERI\/medioevo\/TheLatinEmpireOfConstantinople.jpg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the Latin Empire of Constantinople and its neighbors in the 13th century<\/li>\n<li>The Albigensian Crusade and the children&#8217;s crusade [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0234-244]; visit\u00a0Albi, <a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/13\/1_B%C3%A9ziers_2016.jpg\">B\u00e9ziers<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-V4WZUsg6TZ0\/Tgk4imlVHoI\/AAAAAAAAAHw\/bR-xrtOpu8E\/s1600\/P11-11-05a-carcassonne.jpg\">Carcassonne<\/a>; see\u00a0maps of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fa\/Cartes_Occitanie.png\">Languedoc<\/a>\u00a0in the early 13th century and of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/reformedanglicans.blogspot.com\/2015\/09\/september-1209-1229-ad-remembering.html\">Albigensian Crusade<\/a>; see the seals\u00a0of the count of Toulouse,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fc\/Raimond6Toulouse.jpg\">Raymond VI<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/88\/RaimondVIIToulouse1242.jpg\">Raymond VII<\/a>, and of Duke\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d1\/Leopold_VI%2C_Duke_of_Austria.jpg\">Leopold VI<\/a>\u00a0of Austria; see the oldest depiction of the legend of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-06Q6yomnOng\/URsidRDvhMI\/AAAAAAAAKXQ\/UTBxRt_RdF8\/s640\/Pied_piper.jpg\">Pied Piper of Hamelin<\/a>\u00a0(and a modern\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/farm1.static.flickr.com\/31\/38137318_f892f5cfb0.jpg\">re-enactment<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><b>Midterm\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 9 (October 16-20): Crusades as an institution<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Theory and recruitment [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0259-270;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0180-191]<\/li>\n<li>Finances and logistics [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0271-282;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0194-199]; see examples of coins struck in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.anythinganywhere.com\/commerce\/coins\/coinpics\/ital-lucca-h-denaro-3.jpg\">Lucca<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/medievalcoins.ancients.info\/crusaders\/valenceDenier.JPG\">Valence<\/a>; visit the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e7\/Palazzo_acciaiuoli_11.JPG\">Acciaiuoli Palace<\/a>\u00a0in Florence<\/li>\n<li>Army \u00a0morale, women, and crusading literature [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0287;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0199-213]; see portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/history-biography.com\/georges-duby\/\">Georges Duby<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/pics.librarything.com\/picsizes\/59\/08\/590881a3b41743b636b545a41514331414f6744.jpg\">Jonathan Riley-Smith<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.crusaderstudies.org.uk\/resources\/historians\/profiles\/images\/pringle.jpg\">Denys Pringle<\/a>; see the relief of the returning crusader from the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meisterdrucke.ie\/fine-art-prints\/French-School\/416571\/The-Return-of-the-Crusader,-Hugh-de-Vaudemont-Embraced-by-his-Wife,-from-the-cloister-of-the-priory-of-Belval,-near-Portieux,-in-Lorraine-.html\">Belval Priory<\/a>\u00a0in Lorraine and the effigies of Otto of Botenlauben and his wife Beatrix of Courtenay in the church of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/de.academic.ru\/pictures\/dewiki\/70\/Frauenroth_Stifterpaar.JPG\">Frauenroth<\/a>; see a medieval Western depiction of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.historytoday.com\/sites\/default\/files\/mamluks.JPG\"><i>mamluks<\/i><\/a>; see a medieval depiction of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mamluk.uchicago.edu\/qabaq-traceddrawn.jpg\"><i>qabaq<\/i><\/a>\u00a0and a page from the manuscript of al-Aqsara&#8217;i&#8217;s treaty of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fb\/Four_horsemen_taking_part_in_a_contest._From_%27Manual_on_the_Arts_of_Horsemanship%27_by_al-Aqsara%27i_%28CBL_Ar_5655.118%2C_f.2v%29.jpg\"><i>furusiyya<\/i><\/a>\u00a0(1366); see also a modern reconstructions of\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-pZTPcKfwNQA\/UPwaNbcCE9I\/AAAAAAAABSA\/cD2b4d7Cu0k\/s1600\/bow+comparison.jpg\">composite bow<\/a>, a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/historyofengland.typepad.com\/.a\/6a0147e0fd1b4a970b0162fced61ee970d-800wi\">mangonel<\/a>, a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ece.cmu.edu\/~koopman\/ballista\/pics\/ballist1.gif\">ballista<\/a>, a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1e\/Siege_of_Lisbon_by_Roque_Gameiro.jpg\">siege tower<\/a>, and a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/68\/Battering_ram_%28PSF%29.png\">battering ram<\/a>; see the plan of \u00a0an ideal\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/historiceuropeancastles.com\/concentric-castles\/\">concentric castle<\/a>; visit the castles of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2f\/Tebnine11.jpg\">Toron<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.orient-latin.com\/system\/photos\/235\/large\/pano_2_g.jpg?1318970695\">Casal Imbert<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2b\/Chastel_Blanc.jpg\">Chastel Blanc<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/08\/Kerak_BW_1.JPG\">Kerak of Moab<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/91\/Saladinsburg_22.jpg\">Saone<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1a\/Belvoir_fortress.JPG\">Belvoir<\/a>\u00a0(with<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/33\/Belvoir_plan_0.PNG\">\u00a0plan<\/a>), the citadel in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/54\/Citadel_of_Aleppo.jpg\">Aleppo<\/a>, and the Muslim castles at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e1\/Masyaf_TheCastle.jpg\">Misyaf<\/a>\u00a0(better known as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/assassinscreed.fandom.com\/wiki\/Masyaf\">Masyaf<\/a>\u00a0from its version for the &#8220;Assassins&#8217; Creed&#8221; game),\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/jezratravel.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/08\/aljoun-castle2.jpg\">Ajlun<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-SvkHWoAIcBc\/TiPKU-P0QsI\/AAAAAAAAJKM\/gQhVh4G-OXU\/s1600\/DSC06940.JPG\">Qalat Subayba<\/a>\u00a0(with its\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-s9jj7X61gB0\/TiPsA7djPuI\/AAAAAAAAJK0\/N8QpUDgOj7E\/s1600\/DSC07205.JPG\">inscriptions<\/a>\u00a0comemmorating Baybars&#8217; rebuilding); listen to troubadour songs by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KpWljqUDd14\">William IX of Aquitaine<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5CHFLYhmqxA\">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=giAD5KWgDjY\">Conon of Bethune<\/a>, and to Walter von der Vogelweide&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NygJsSp6IEg\"><i>Pal<\/i><em>\u00e4<\/em><i>stinalied<\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-family: ufshands, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 13px;font-weight: normal;background-color: transparent\">; listen to one of the most famous crusading songs, &#8220;<\/span><a style=\"font-family: ufshands, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 13px;font-weight: normal;background-color: transparent\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dbzby0Tdtcc\">Chevalier, mult es guariz<\/a><span style=\"font-family: ufshands, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 13px;font-weight: normal;background-color: transparent\">&#8220;<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 10 (October 23-27): Egypt and the crusades<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The Fifth Crusade [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0294-307;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0249-254]; see a map of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blogdotsaffronartdotcom.files.wordpress.com\/2012\/09\/the-greatest-extent-of-the-ayyubid-sultanate-1171e280931250.jpg\">Ayyubid &#8220;Empire&#8221;<\/a>\u00a0in the 13th century and a portrait of King\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/87\/Andrew_II_seal_1224.jpg\">Andrew II<\/a>\u00a0of Hungary; visit the castle of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7f\/Athlit_fortress_7.JPG\">Athlit<\/a>\u00a0and the main mosque of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/69\/DumyatElAsMosqueFacade.jpg\">Damietta<\/a>; read the basic\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.historycrunch.com\/fifth-crusade.html#\/\">narrative<\/a>\u00a0of the events and see a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e6\/5th_invasion_to_Egypt_cs.PNG\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the Egyptian campaign; see the encounter between sultan al-Kamil and Francis of Assisi, as imagined by<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-0Dc4zqMLwN4\/UJwSoCu7p6I\/AAAAAAAAB1M\/MECXQlUXi4s\/s1600\/november_Giotto_-_Legend_of_St_Francis_-_-11-_-_St_Francis_before_the_Sultan_%28Trial_by_Fire%29.jpg\">\u00a0Giotto<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The crusade of Frederick II [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0307-331;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0275-285]; see portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-PQW0GnBlQTw\/TudtgClU_rI\/AAAAAAAAC-M\/Vo-jki0MIcw\/s1600\/Gregory+IX+Decretals.jpg\">Gregory IX<\/a>\u00a0(as imagined by Raffael Sanzio) and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-ElzSAVkHXYQ\/UMokhcTeslI\/AAAAAAAAF2Q\/0L_DG2b6Kqw\/s1600\/Frederick-II-Hohenstaufen-King-Germany-crowned-enthroned.jpg\">Frederick II<\/a>; visit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/51\/Brindisi_cattedrale.JPG\">Brindisi<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7b\/Montfort_castle_Israel.jpg\">Montfort Castle<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8b\/Tomb_of_Frederick_II%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor_-_Cathedral_of_Palermo_-_Italy_2015.jpg\">Frederick II&#8217;s tomb<\/a>\u00a0in Palermo; see the seals of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3e\/Thibaut_1198.jpg\">Theobald IV of Champagne<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Richard of Cornwall<\/li>\n<li>The crusades of St. Louis [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0332-356;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0328-332]; see a map of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.greendragonsociety.com\/images\/Khwarezmian_Empire_1190_-_1220_%28AD%29.jpg\">Khwarazmian Empire<\/a>\u00a0before the Mongol conquest and a medieval illustration of the battle of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/4c\/La_Forbie.jpg\">La Forbie<\/a>\u00a0(1244); visit\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3216\/2597726778_bafcea2d4c_z.jpg\">Bahr al-Nil<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Aigues-Mortes\">Aigues Mortes<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2f\/Sainte_Chapelle_Ch%C3%A2teau_Vincennes_-_Vincennes_%28FR94%29_-_2020-10-10_-_21_%28cropped%29.jpg\">Sainte Chapelle<\/a>\u00a0in Paris (with a view of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/70\/Sainte_Chapelle_-_Upper_level_1.jpg\">interior<\/a>); see a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/05\/Septi%C3%A8me_croisade-en.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of Louis IX&#8217;s expedition in Egypt and a medieval representation of his siege of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/af\/Mansura.jpg\">Mansurah<\/a>; see a coin struck for the &#8220;queen of the Muslims,&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/C_1849-1121-294\">Shajar al-Durr<\/a>\u00a0and a map of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f1\/Route_rubrouck_1253_55.JPG\">William of Rubruck<\/a>&#8216;s travel to the court of the Great Khan in Karakorum<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 11 (October 30-November 3): \u00a0The crusading territories during the Late Middle Ages<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Crusade and mission [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0361-368;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt\u00a0<\/i>353-357]<\/li>\n<li>Frankish lordship, trade, and Italians [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0369-393]; see maps of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b3\/Acre1291_made_by_samsam.JPG\">Acre<\/a>,\u00a0of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brown.edu\/Departments\/Joukowsky_Institute\/courses\/islamicarchaeologyglossary2007\/4803.html\">trade routes<\/a>\u00a0in the 13th century;, and of the travels of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/historyofinformation.com\/images\/polo_map.jpg\">Polo brothers<\/a>\u00a0to China; read a brief account of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.medievalists.net\/2021\/04\/war-saint-sabas-naval-battle-acre\/\">war of St. Sabas<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Crusader society and art [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0393-407]; see a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7f\/Louis_Madelin-1927.jpg\">Louis Madelin<\/a>\u00a0and pictures of the cathedrals in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a2\/St_JohnByblos.jpg\">Jubayl<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c7\/Notre_dame_de_tortosa.jpg\">Tortosa<\/a>; see the frescoes of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.crusader-castles.com\/Margat_Chapel_Fresco_Detail.jpg\">damned<\/a> in the chapel of the Hospitaller castle of Margat; see an<a href=\"http:\/\/farm4.static.flickr.com\/3336\/3577055072_e716a89a9e.jpg\">\u00a0historiated capital<\/a>\u00a0from the Church of the Annunciation in Nazareth; see the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/collection-items\/melisende-psalter\">Psalter of Melisende<\/a>, an illuminated page of\u00a0the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/07\/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_l%27Arsenal%2C_5211_-_Genesis_frontispiece.jpg\">Arsenal Bible<\/a>,\u00a0another from the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/gdcwdl.wdl_10647\/?st=gallery\">Riccardiana Psalter<\/a>, and an unfinished illumination by the &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/25.media.tumblr.com\/tumblr_m8wexeBvcf1qcirmxo1_500.jpg\">Hospitaller Master<\/a>&#8221; in the manuscript of William of Tyre&#8217;s\u00a0<i>History of Outremer<\/i>; see icons of the Mother of God (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pallasweb.com\/ikonsassets\/p\/big\/thronevirginB.jpg\">Kahn Madonna<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kornbluthphoto.com\/images\/NGAMellonMadonnaComb.jpg\">Mellon Madonna<\/a>) and of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/media.culturemap.com\/cache\/d8\/67\/d86714c02ab5985792407150cdb94f89.jpg\">St. Marina<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 12 (November 6-10): The Mamluks, the Mongols, and the end of the crusader states<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The rise of the Mamluks and the Mongols [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0408-420;\u00a0<i>Allen and Am<\/i>t 337-340]; see portraits of \u00d6gede<a href=\"http:\/\/maltez.info\/aaanetnovabiografia\/fotos%20novas\/1232.h21.jpg\">i<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/98\/Mongke.jpg\"> M\u00f6ngke<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b5\/Hulagu_Khan.jpg\">H\u00fcleg\u00fc<\/a>; \u00a0see\u00a0maps of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/35\/1236-1242_Mongol_invasions_of_Europe.jpg\">Mongol great campaign<\/a>\u00a0planned at the quriltai of 1229 and of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/gohighbrow.com\/the-mongol-empire\/\">Mongol successor states<\/a>\u00a0in the mid-13th century; see a medieval representation of\u00a0the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/85\/Bagdad1258.jpg\">sack of Baghdad<\/a>\u00a0in 1258 and a map of the campaign leading to\u00a0the battle at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bd\/Campaign_of_the_Battle_of_Ain_Jalut_1260.svg\">Ayn Jalut<\/a>\u00a0(1260); see the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ids.si.edu\/ids\/deliveryService?id=FS-FSA_A.6_04.GN.3305\">inscription<\/a>\u00a0placed by Baybars in 1266 on the mausoleum in Hims; see the cover of one of the most influential works of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/kitaabun.com\/shopping3\/images\/PoliticalShariyait.jpg\">ibn Taymiyya<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The Eighth Crusade and other subsequent expeditions [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0424-441]; see a map of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/historyofthechiristianchurch.weebly.com\/the-sixth-seventh-and-eighth-crusades.html\">itinerary<\/a>\u00a0of the Eighth Crusade and a medieval representation of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/dc\/Mort_de_Louis_IX_le_Saint.jpg\">Louis IX&#8217;s death<\/a>\u00a0in Carthage; see a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.castlewales.com\/edward02.jpg\">Edward I<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Baybars and the end of the crusader states [<i>Richard<\/i>\u00a0442-466;\u00a0<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0340-351]; see a portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8c\/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos_%28head%29.jpg\">Michael VIII Palaeologus<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0map of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/5d\/Cilician_Armenia-fr.svg\">Cilician Armenia<\/a>\u00a0and of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.fordham.edu\/halsall\/maps\/mongols2map.jpg\">Asia<\/a> under the Mongols; see a medieval representation of the siege of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/59\/Siege_of_Tripoli_Painting_%281289%29.jpg\">Acre\u00a0<\/a>(1291)<\/li>\n<li>November 10: Veterans&#8217; Day &#8211; no classes<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 13 (November 13-17): Crusades after crusades<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The transformation of the military orders [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0357-364]; see portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/98\/Philip_iv_and_family._2_%28detail_crop%29.jpg\">Philip IV of France<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/93\/Papa_Clemens_Quintus.jpg\">Clement V<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/4f\/Jogaila_%28W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_II%29.jpg\">Jogaila<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/27639553@N05\/2734752065\/in\/set-72157608526518846\/lightbox\/\">Albrecht of Brandenburg-Ansbach<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nemausensis.com\/MidiLibre\/previsions\/TempliersMalte\/JeanParisotLaValette.jpg\">Jean de la Valette<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c7\/Emmanuel_Pinto_de_Fonseca.jpg\">Manuel Pinto de Fonseca<\/a>; see\u00a0a medieval representation of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.executedtoday.com\/images\/Templars_Burning.jpg\">burning of the stake<\/a>\u00a0of Jacques de Molay and his fellow Templars; see a map of the territorial expansion of the Teutonic\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.lib.utexas.edu\/maps\/historical\/shepherd\/german_power_decline.jpg\"><i>Ordenstaat<\/i><\/a>\u00a0in the Late Middle Ages; visit\u00a0the Teutonic castle in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e6\/Zesp%C3%B3%C5%82_Zamku_Krzy%C5%BCackiego_MALBORK_01.jpg\">Marienburg<\/a>\u00a0(now Malbork, Poland),\u00a0the recent excavations in the crypt of the Cathedral in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bogumil.wisniewski.ckj.edu.pl\/2.html\">Kwidzyn<\/a>\u00a0(Poland), the headquarters of the Teutonic Order in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/82\/Das_Deutschordensschloss_Bad_Mergentheim._03.jpg\">Mergentheim<\/a>, the priory of the Order of Christ in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/265\/\">Tomar<\/a>, the Hospital in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greeka.com\/dodecanese\/rhodes\/sightseeing\/street-knights\/\">Rhodes<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.autocarhire.com\/images\/cities\/valletta-overview_3984_1.jpg\">Valletta<\/a>\u00a0and the fort of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/65\/Malta_-_Birgu_-_Fort_Saint_Angelo_%28Upper_Barrakka_Gardens%29_01_ies.jpg\">Sant&#8217;Angelo<\/a>\u00a0(Malta); see a nineteenth-century representation of the battle at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/i.imgur.com\/jjmCGPn.jpg\">Grunwald (Tannenberg)<\/a> and a contemporary picture of an early eighteenth-century <a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/0f\/Fight_of_the_Poursuivante_mp3h9426.jpg\">ship-of-the-line<\/a>;\u00a0read an English translation of Martin Luther&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.godrules.net\/library\/luther\/NEW1luther_c8.htm\">exhortation to the Teutonic Knights<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The kingdom of Cyprus and the rise of the Ottomans [<i>Richard<\/i> 466-473]; see\u00a0maps of early\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/97\/Orhan_I_area_map.png\">Ottoman conquests<\/a>\u00a0under Orkhan, and of the early\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Ottoman-Empire\">Ottoman Empire<\/a>;\u00a0visit the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/farm5.staticflickr.com\/4126\/4989858296_f7e3249f8c_z.jpg\">Cathedral of St. Nicholas<\/a>\u00a0in Famagusta; see\u00a0portrait of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thehistoryblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/Pierre_1er_de_Lusignan.jpg\">King Peter I<\/a>,\u00a0sultan\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f3\/Sarayi_Album_10a.jpg\">Mehmet II<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/df\/Gjergj_Kastrioti.jpg\">Skanderbeg<\/a>; see\u00a0a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cypnet.co.uk\/ncyprus\/city\/nicosia\/maps\/nic-map01.jpg\">plan<\/a>\u00a0of the Venetian walls of Nicosia (with a view of some of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/40\/Venetian_walls_and_green_parks_Nicosia_Republic_of_Cyprus_Kypros.jpg\">remains<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Nicopolis,\u00a0Varna,\u00a0Constantinople, and Granada [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0370-377]; see portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/af\/Pisanello_024b.jpg\">King Sigismund<\/a>\u00a0of Hungary,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/58\/16th-century_unknown_painters_-_Philip_the_Bold_-_WGA23677.jpg\">Philip the Bold<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a6\/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg\">John of Nevers<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/18\/Iancu_Hunedoara.jpg\">John Hunyadi<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/84\/82Johannes_von_Capestrano.jpg\">John Capistrano<\/a>; see a map of the<a href=\"http:\/\/www.theottomans.org\/english\/images\/campaigns\/constan\/Crusader_invasion.htm\">\u00a0itinerary<\/a>\u00a0of the Nicopolis crusade, a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c7\/Battle_of_Nicopole_battle_map_1396.jpg\">map<\/a>\u00a0and a medieval\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/farm3.staticflickr.com\/2602\/4061534962_8a2a8f8a93_z.jpg\">representation<\/a>\u00a0of the battle at Nicopolis; see the insignia associated with the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.habsburger.net\/en\/chapter\/golden-fleece\">Order of the Golden Fleece<\/a>; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a4\/Battle_of_Varna.png\">map<\/a>\u00a0and a medieval\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7e\/Varna_1444_Polski_Kronika_from_1564.jpg\">representation<\/a>\u00a0of the battle at Varna; see a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d2\/Reino_de_Granada.svg\">map<\/a>\u00a0of the emirate of Granada, a view of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3b\/Alpujarras_Uitzicht.jpg\">Alpujarras Mountains<\/a>, and a nineteenth-century representation of the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/45\/La_rendici%C3%B3n_de_Granada.jpg\">surrender<\/a> of the city in 1492; see the 1590 edition of Torquato Tasso&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/357743\"><i>Gerusalemme liberata<\/i><\/a>, and a picture of the battle at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e0\/Battle_of_Lepanto_1571.jpg\">Lepanto<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 14 (November 20-24): Crusades in the modern era<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Crusades in literature (from Walter Scott to Steven Runciman [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0388-397]); see the portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Etienne-Pasquier\">Etienne Pasquier<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/8d\/Christoph_Bernhard_Francke_-_Bildnis_des_Philosophen_Leibniz_%28ca._1695%29.jpg\">Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/88\/Thomas_Fuller.jpg\">Thomas Fuller<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f2\/Atelier_de_Nicolas_de_Largilli%C3%A8re%2C_portrait_de_Voltaire%2C_d%C3%A9tail_%28mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet%29_-002.jpg\">Voltaire<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/52\/WilliamRobertsonColour.jpg\">William Robertson<\/a><\/li>\n<li>November 22-25: Thanksgiving break &#8211; no classes<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">WEEK 15 (November 27-December 1): \u00a0Between myth and reality: why do we study the crusades?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Crusades and nationalism, West and East [<i>Allen and Amt<\/i>\u00a0398-402]; see the portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9c\/Joseph_Fran%C3%A7ois_Michaud.jpg\">Joseph Fran\u00e7ois Michaud<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e4\/Sir_Walter_Scott_-_Raeburn.jpg\">Walter Scott<\/a>\u00a0(with an illustration of the 1887 edition of his\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/0c\/Dalziel_Brothers_-_Sir_Walter_Scott_-_The_Talisman_-_Sir_Kenneth_before_the_King.jpg\"><i>Tales of the Crusaders<\/i><\/a>),\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/40\/Heinrich_von_Sybel_Stahlstich.jpg\">Heinrich von Sybel<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/15\/Friedrich_Wilken.JPG\">Friedrich Wilken<\/a>, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/54\/Claude_R._Conder.jpg\">Claude Reignier Conder<\/a>; visit the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7016\/6834615219_af7f0170e9_z.jpg\">Salle des croisades<\/a>\u00a0at Versailles (and see Delacroix&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c9\/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ferdinand_Victor_Delacroix_012.jpg\"><i>Entry of the crusaders into Constantinople, 1204<\/i><\/a>); listen to Ismael&#8217;s aria in Rossini&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RNpkA9eijO4\"><i>Ivanhoe<\/i><\/a>, and watch the scene of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rFCm6pimkyI\">duel<\/a>\u00a0between Ivanhoe and Brian of Bois-Gilbert in \u00a0the 1982 television movie\u00a0<i>Ivanhoe<\/i><\/li>\n<li>The legacy in the Middle East [Allen and Amt\u00a0<i>418-425<\/i>]; visit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/10\/Syria_09_-_Damascus_-_Mausoleum_of_Saladin.jpg\">Saladin&#8217;s tomb<\/a>\u00a0in Damascus and a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f3\/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%93_-_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99-JNF034822.jpeg\"><i>kibbutz<\/i><\/a>\u00a0in Israel; see\u00a0portraits of the Ottoman sultan\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/17\/Abdul_Hamid_II_in_Balmoral_Castle_in_1867.jpg\">Abdul Hamid II<\/a>\u00a0and of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ab\/Wilhelm_II._1905.jpeg\">Kaiser Wilhelm II<\/a>\u00a0and of his\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jerusalemshots.com\/b\/uploaded6\/0331104236_0.jpg\">entry into Jerusalem<\/a>\u00a0in 1898 (compare it with General Allenby&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a4\/Allenby_enters_Jerusalem_1917.jpg\">entry into the city<\/a>\u00a0in 1917); see portraits of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6e\/Claude_Cahen_en_1989.jpg\">Claude Cahen<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/7\/74\/Steven_Runciman_%281903%E2%80%932000%29.jpg\">Steven Runciman<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Modern scholarship and 09\/01; visit the site of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/societyforthestudyofthecrusadesandthelatineast.wildapricot.org\/\">Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK 16 (December 4-8): Conclusion and revision for the final exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>Final exam: Tuesday, December 12, 3:00-5:00<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1133,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_post":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-632","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1133"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=632"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1920,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632\/revisions\/1920"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/fcurta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}