{"id":632,"date":"2022-07-27T12:18:27","date_gmt":"2022-07-27T16:18:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/?p=632"},"modified":"2026-03-19T09:03:24","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T13:03:24","slug":"newtonian-mechanics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/2022\/07\/27\/newtonian-mechanics\/","title":{"rendered":"Newtonian Mechanics"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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Newtonian Mechanics<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
  1. Momentum = mv<\/strong>, where m = inertial mass of the body, v = velocity of the body<\/li>\n
  2. Newton’s Laws of Motion:<\/strong>\n
      \n
    1. Every body persists in its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except or until that state is changed by some impressed force.<\/li>\n
    2. The force acting on a body is numerically equal to the rate of change of momentum of the body, and the rate of change of momentum is in the direction of the applied force.\n
      \nF = rate of change of (mv)
      \nor, F=ma when the mass, m, remains constant
      \n<\/em>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
    3. To every action (some force exerted on body A by body B) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force exerted by body A on body B).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>
    4. Uniform circular motion:<\/strong>
      \n\"\"
      \n
      \n<\/li>\n
    5. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation:<\/strong>\n

      Newton eventually had the following information:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Kepler’s laws of planetary motion:\n
          \n
        1. Elliptical orbits, with the sun at one focus.<\/li>\n
        2. Equal areas in equal times.<\/li>\n
        3. For all planets,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          where p = planet’s period about the sun, R = average distance of planet from sun, k = a constant.\n<\/p><\/li>\n

        4. The law of free fall\n
          \nwhere D = distance, T = time of fall, A = acceleration due to gravity.\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
        5. Newton’s three laws of motion:\n
            \n
          1. Law of Inertia.<\/li>\n
          2. Law of relation between force, mass, and acceleration: F = ma.<\/li>\n
          3. Law of action and reaction.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>
          4. Law of force necessary to keep a body moving uniformly in a circle:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>
          5. Newton assumed:\n
              \n
            1. That the laws of motion hold everywhere in the universe;<\/li>\n
            2. (initially) that the orbits of the planets were circular rather than elliptical.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              The result:
              \nNewton’s Law of Universal Gravitation: Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force directly proportional to the Foduct of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.<\/p>

              As a formula, this law is expressed as follows:
              \nForce is equal to the Gravitational Constant times: Mass one time Mass two, divided by the radius (distance) squared.<\/p>

              Where F = the force of attraction, m and M = the two masses, R = the distance between the two masses, and G = the universal constant of gravitation.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1262,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_post":"off","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[4,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history-of-science","category-study-guide"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1262"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=632"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1404,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/632\/revisions\/1404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/people.clas.ufl.edu\/ufhatch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}